Many new materials have been developed, but steel remains the principal construction material for automobiles, appliances, and industrial machinery. Because of steel's vulnerability to attack by ...

Temperature-sensitive parts that can't stand a lot of heat are now fair game for high-performance coatings. Vapor-deposition processes let designers apply finishes that are both functional and ...

Metal coatings are applied on all kinds of items made of alloys, metals and plastics. These are used either for decorative platings or to enhance the chemical and physical properties of their surface ...